COBOL VERBS - SUBTRACT













SUBTRACT Verb

  Syntax 1 -
  SUBTRACT  { literal-1 / data-item-1 } ..    FROM    data-item-2 ..


  Syntax 2 -
  SUBTRACT  { literal-1 / data-item-1 } ..   FROM    { literal-2/data-item-2 } 
                                             GIVING  data-item-3 ..


  Rules -  1. All the values before the word FROM, summed up and subtracted from 
              each data-item/literl after word FROM
           2. If GIVING is used, the result will be stored in the data-items 
              provided after the word GIVING.
           3. If GIVING is not used,  data-items provided after FROM will be used 
              to store the results.


  Let us see some examples.

  Let us assume WS-A contains value 200
                WS-B contains value 100

  SUBTRACT  10 FROM WS-A. 

  10 will be subtracted from WS-A and the result will be stored in WS-A. i.e, after 
  excution of above statement WS-A contains 190.

  SUBTRACT  10  FROM WS-A  GIVING WS-B.

  10 will be subtracted from WS-A and the result will be stored in WS-B. Please note 
  there wont be any change in the value of WS-A.  WS-A is used in the calcualtion, 
  but the value in WS-A data item wont get changed.


  SUBTRACT 10 11 12  FROM WS-A GIVING WS-B.

  Numbes 10,11,12 will be summed up and subtracted from WS-A value , result will be 
  stored in WS-B. No change to WS-A value.


  SUBTRACT  10 20 30 FROM WS-A  WS-B WS-C.

  Numbers 10,20,30 will be summed up and the result value subtracted from WS-A, WS-B,
  WS-C and stored in the same data items.  i.e., summed up value 10+20+30 = 60 , 
  subtracted from WS-A, result will be stored in WS-A,60 subtracted from WS-B and the
  result will be stored in WS-B. 60 subtracted from WS-C and the result will be
  stored in WS-C.